Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by motor dysfunctions such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. As the disease progresses, patients may also experience cognitive and emotional changes. Currently, more than 10 million people worldwide suffer from Parkinson’s Disease. Although significant progress has been made in this field, the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease remains a significant challenge.
Current Treatment Methods
Pharmacological Treatment
The pharmacological treatment of Parkinson’s Disease mainly focuses on supplementing or regulating dopamine to improve symptoms. The most commonly used medication is Levodopa, a precursor to dopamine that can be converted to dopamine in the brain. Additionally, dopamine agonists (such as Pramipexole and Ropinirole) and MAO-B inhibitors (such as Selegiline and Rasagiline) can delay the breakdown of dopamine or mimic its effects. However, long-term use of these drugs may lead to tolerance and side effects such as motor complications.
Surgical Treatment
For patients who do not respond well to pharmacological
